Kamal Ghorui
US President Donald Trump on Thursday praised the leaders of Armenia and Azerbaijan after they shook hands following a peace agreement aimed at ending decades of hostility between the two countries.Speaking at a Board of Peace event in Washington, Trump described how the two leaders initially kept their distance before eventually coming together to finalise the agreement. In a video from the event, the leaders of can be seen shaking hands.“We were getting near, but the one was at one side of the room. I have two chairs right in front of the desk, the beautiful Resolute desk. One’s over here, one’s on the other side of the room. I said, fellas, could you get a little closer? Well, they felt very uncomfortable. You know, they’ve been killing each other for 32 years,” Trump said.He went on to describe how the atmosphere gradually changed during the discussions. “After one hour, they were right next to each other. We made a deal, they hugged, they signed, and we had peace with two very important countries. And I’ll never forget it. So they started off a little weak, and they ended up really strong. And you can be very proud of yourselves. It was a beautiful thing to see.”The remarks come after Trump announced in August last year that Armenia and Azerbaijan were expected to sign a historic peace agreement at the White House. At the time, he said Armenian prime minister Nikol Pashinyan and Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev would formalise the deal in Washington.He also stated that the United States would sign bilateral agreements with both countries to pursue joint economic opportunities in the South Caucasus region. “The United States will also sign Bilateral Agreements with both Countries to pursue Economic opportunities together, so we can fully unlock the potential of the South Caucasus Region. It will be a Historic Day for Armenia, Azerbaijan, the United States, and the World,” he had added.Background of the conflictThe conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan centres on the Nagorno-Karabakh region, known as Artsakh to Armenians. Although internationally recognised as part of Azerbaijan, the mountainous region had a predominantly ethnic Armenian population.Tensions escalated in 1988 as the Soviet Union weakened, leading to the First Karabakh War between 1988 and 1994. The conflict resulted in around 30,000 deaths and displaced over one million people. A ceasefire in 1994 left Armenian forces in control of Nagorno-Karabakh and surrounding territories.In 2020, Azerbaijan launched a six-week military operation, often referred to as the Second Karabakh War, regaining significant territory. More than 6,500 people were killed in the fighting. A Russia-brokered ceasefire led to the deployment of peacekeepers in the region.In September 2023, Azerbaijan regained full control of Nagorno-Karabakh through swift military action. Following this, more than 100,000 ethnic Armenians fled to Armenia within days, dramatically altering the region’s demographics.Despite multiple rounds of international mediation over the years, a comprehensive peace settlement had remained elusive. Key issues included the status, rights and security guarantees for ethnic Armenians in the region.
